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<title><![CDATA[徐昌火老师的对外汉语教学博客]]></title> 
<link>http://hsk888.bokee.com/index.html</link> 
<description><![CDATA[欢迎 留学生 来 南京师范大学 国际文化教育学院 学习汉语！ Learn Chinese in Nanjing Normal University.  http:// www.lxnjnu.com. 
本博客是南京师大本科生能力建设工程项目《基于网络的本科留学生高级汉语能力培养的研究与实践》的教改成果之一。 

]]></description> 
<dc:language>zh-cn</dc:language> 
<dc:creator>xuchanghuo@njnu.edu.cn</dc:creator> 
<dc:date>2008-06-01T21:24:40Z</dc:date> 
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<title><![CDATA[高级汉语《鞋》补充阅读：委婉语的英汉对比]]></title> 
<link>http://hsk888.bokee.com/6292815.html</link> 
<description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18.75pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">流行委婉语的英汉对比</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18.75pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b></p><p /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">euphenism</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（委婉语）一词源于希腊语的前缀</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">eu</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（好）和词根</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">pheme</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（说话），意为</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">good speak</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（说好听的或者善词令）。在古汉语中，委婉语则称为“曲语”，指说话时，迂回曲折，含蓄隐晦，但达到较好的语言交际效果。委婉语是世界上各个民族都有的语言单位和语言现象，是人们在社会交往中为谋求理想的交际效果而创造的一种适当的语言形式。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">委婉语的流行是语言运用常规的背离，因而委婉语在本质上是一种语言变异现象，是语言变化的潜在机制之一。不言而喻，委婉语具有重要的社会功能：一方面，它可以维持语言禁忌的施使和效能；另一方面，它可以用来保持良好的人际关系，促进言语交际的正常进行。同时它也从一个侧面反映了一种文化、一个社会的价值观或崇尚心理。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">委婉语是一种统称。从语言学角度看，它既是一种修辞格，主要体现在名词上，又是指具有特殊语用功能的委婉表达方式，主要表现为句子、语气、否定等语法手段。由于社会文化的差异，不同语言中委婉语的表现形式有所不同。要揭示委婉语的普遍特殊性，借助跨语言对比的方法无疑是最可取的。本文拟从文化内涵、语用功能和模糊语言学理论的角度，并结合语言实例，对汉英当代流行委婉语的表达形式进行对比和探析。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二．汉英流行委婉语对比</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">文化内涵的对比</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">语言与文化存在着密切的关系。不同民族的语言记录并反映了不同民族的特定文化，以汉语言文字而言，它负荷着整个中国传统文化。“一个特定时代、特定地区、特定社会所产生和流行的委婉语就是这个时代、地区和社会的道德、民俗、政治和社会心理等文化现象的一面镜子”（吴松初，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1996</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）。研究表明，引起语言变化的原因主要有两方面：一是语言因素，这是语言变化的真正动因；二是社会因素。社会动因又分为两类：社团因素和个体因素。前者可以是文化方面的（如文化接触、文化变革、文化进步），政治方面的（如社会动荡、变化、殖民地等），经济方面的（如语言改革），宗教方面的，军事方面的（如侵略和战争），种族方面的（如种族混合与同化），等等；后者则包括出身、性别、年龄、职业、人际关系、社会经济地位等等。（雍和明，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1996</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">每个民族、每种语言都有它的文化背景。文化背景对语言交际效果有宏观的制约与影响作用。只有在文化背景同一性的基础上，交际双方的文化氛围才能沟通，交际效果才能达到最佳或比较理想的境界。（沈孟璎，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1999</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）就汉语修辞来说，儒家的中庸之道，对中国文化有巨大的影响。中庸之道，反对过犹不及、固执一端、感情冲动和走极端。在人事关系上，提倡谦和、雍良，强调和谐、中和。不管在社交称谓还是日常交往中，扬人抑己，谈话委婉含蓄，被认为是有教养的表达形式，于是，汉语中敬词、谦语十分丰富，委婉和禁忌的表达方式大量产生。汉语中除了有世界上委婉语一般的共性之外，还有自己独特的民族性的一面。由于汉民族重视伦理人情，提倡人际关系的和谐，讲究自谦尊人，这就影响着中国人的语言表达方式。如自称方面的谦称“卑职”“鄙人”“寒舍”“老朽”“在下”和对称方面的敬称“阁下”“大驾”“尊驾”等单纯求雅式说法成了汉语委婉语中一道奇特的风景。因此，在跨语言文化比较时，只有抓住民族性这个层面，才得以透彻阐释汉语委婉语独有的社会文化内容。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">特殊语用交际功能的对比</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">现阶段汉英语言中运用委婉的方式主要分两类：一是新造委婉词语；二是委婉句式。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">首先，新造委婉词语使许多旧词义扬升，使语言交际中尽量实现美化和淡化客观事物的效果，也愈加体现语言的成熟和进步。大体为这几类功能：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span>1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">避免直露，改用含蓄的词语</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：第三者</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">比以往“情夫</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">/</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">妇，姘头”含蓄，比“外遇”通俗而流行起来。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">负翁</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">与以往的“富翁”是谐音，但意义却有很大不同，是指超前消费、贷款消费或负债消费的人，是具有新理财观念人的流行新词，听起来典雅含蓄。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">black/ colored person</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">60</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代美国民权运动中，词义得到扬升，曾经替代</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Negro</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">nigger</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（黑鬼）等词，但从</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">80</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代后期又被</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">African-American</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">所替代，最新流行词听起来更委婉、更让人接受。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">animal companion </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（动物伴侣）比</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">pet</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（宠物）一词更符合人们对待动物的心理而流行开来。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">避免僵化，改用积极的词语</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：弱智</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">智力低下、不健全的意思，比以往“低能”带明显婉曲性质，体现一种辨证发展的观点。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">伤残</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">因受伤或天生残疾而引起肢体器官或功能缺陷的意思，比以往“残废”更具婉曲尊重的性质，也反映了“残而不废”的积极意义。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：新词</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">disabled, differently abled, challenged, inconvenienced</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（行动不方便，腿脚不灵，耳背，重听，失明…</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）—→</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">handicapped</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（残疾人）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">—→</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span>crippled</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（瘸子）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, blind</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（瞎子）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, deaf</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（聋子）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, dumb </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（哑巴）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">plain-looking</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（长相一般）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">—→</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> ugly</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（丑陋，难看）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span>3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">避免刺激，改用平和的词语</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：下岗</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">或“未就业”要比“失业”更能满足人们的心理需要。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">环卫工人</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">把清洁垃圾的工人称为“环卫工人”或“城市美容师”，反映对他们职业与人格的尊重。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">sleep, rest, depart</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">…—→</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">death</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（死亡）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">the deprived, man of modest means, the less well off, </span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">low-income group</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（生活有困难者）—→</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">the poor</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（穷人）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">the less deprived, people of means, the well off</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">—→</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">the rich</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（富人）（</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Rawson, 1981</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">委婉句式则是另一种特有的交际手段，是人们在语言交际中，尤其在某种特定的语境中，故意用一些礼貌用语或者较为缓和的语气词、或以曲折、含蓄甚至隐晦、回避、托词、淡化等方式圆满地实现交际。以下几种语用功能对比可以体现汉英交际中委婉表达法广泛运用的交际效应和得体性：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">礼貌暗示</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">用某种礼貌客气话或语气词向对方暗示一种意思，或把批评寓于充满希望的话语中。例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：别客气，吃了饭再走吧。（一种变相的逐客令）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">希望你以后更大度一点，我想你和他会和好如初的。（批评意见暗含于希望之中）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">你要努力做好这份工作呀！（语气词使委婉意味增强，让人感到亲切顺耳。）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Don</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">’</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">t you think it would be better to (have it examined)?</span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">I think it would’ve been better if you should have (taken <span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span>it).</span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">I hope you’re not (making a big mistake).</span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">直接缓和</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">用谦虚、商量的词语、或用托词来表示相反、否定的观点。例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：你的做法我实在不敢恭维。（表面谦虚，实则否定）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不好意思，今天实在太忙，脱不开身，下次我一定赴约。（借用托词，谢绝请求或邀请。）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这件事先放一放，你看怎么样？（商量征询，委婉谦和，让人乐意接受。）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Is it all right if I (leave a message)?</span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">We’d better (tell him now), don’t you think? </span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Well, go ahead if you must, but….<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">淡化轻言</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">交际时，或先褒后抑，或限制淡化褒扬，使批评、否定更让人接受。例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：你的主意听着不错，但做起来可不容易。（先扬后抑）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">他这次的高考成绩不太理想。（降低程度，以褒代贬）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">It doesn</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">’</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">t sound like a very good idea to me.</span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">I can’t say I approve.</span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">There</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">’</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">s something not quite right about</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">…</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（引自</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Alan Maley <span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span>and Aldn Duff</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Variations on a Theme</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">模糊思维的运用对比</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">使用模糊词是形成委婉的语义手段之一，即通过泛化原则对特定的语义给予模糊处理，使之一般化笼统化来冲淡人们的恐惧或厌恶。（辜同清，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2000</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）因此，委婉语具有模糊意义，它的间接、曲折可造成模糊含混，不易理解的语义效果，不仅能掩饰说话人不愿意直说的事物，甚至能够文过饰非。委婉语的模糊语义主要包括模糊词语和模糊结构两方面：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）模糊词语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“在修辞中模糊能起到精确所起不到的作用。”（伍铁平，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1999</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）模糊词语的使用能扩大某些词的外延使其显得更为模糊。在特定的语境中，这些模糊用法不会引起歧义或造成交际障碍，而只是扩大了禁忌词的指称范围。例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“这个”“那个”“那（件）事”“这（件）事”等所暗含的禁忌指称是很多的，这里用模糊词语来婉指精确词语。根据特定的语境，它们有可能指只有当事人才知道的不正当勾当，也有可能指讳言的凶物或祸事，还有可能指羞于启齿的恋爱、结婚，甚至性行为。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">还有“吸白粉”（吸毒）“春药”（含激素的药）等说法也是运用了模糊掩饰功能，以小指大。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">a growth </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">替代</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">cancer</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（癌症），</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">social disease </span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">替代</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">syphilis</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（梅毒），</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">solid human waste </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">替</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">feces</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（排泄物）等等（束定芳，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1989</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这几例表示个别扩大到表示一般，使用上义词，扩大了禁忌词的指称范围。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">）模糊结构：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">话语结构中，说话者使用委婉陈述、否定、反语及一些缓和模糊限制语句式，从而使语气显得灵活、和谐和留有余地。例如：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">汉语：这下可好了！</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">瞧你干的好事！</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这下有好戏看了！（反语）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">由于大家都知道的原因，下次的全院会议就暂停了。（委婉陈述）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">英语：</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">You know who.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（你心理明白是谁。）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">You know what.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（你知道是什么事。）（明说暗指）</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">She has an accident. </span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（委婉陈述）特定语境下，该句意应是“她未婚先孕”，而不是“她出了车祸”。</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </span></span></b></p><p></p><p><a href="http://daihaiyan.vcmblog.com/archives/2007/583103.html">http://daihaiyan.vcmblog.com/archives/2007/583103.html</a></p></span></b>]]></description> 
<guid isPermaLink="false">6292815@http://hsk888.bokee.com/</guid> 
<dc:subject>留学生高级汉语课</dc:subject> 
<dc:date>2007-05-25T11:14:14Z</dc:date> 
</item> 
<item> 
<title><![CDATA[高级汉语阅读:妖怪为什么不吃唐僧]]></title> 
<link>http://hsk888.bokee.com/6060386.html</link> 
<description><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua">阅读理解：<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="7">妖怪为什么不吃唐僧<span lang="EN-US"></span></font></span></b></p><p /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left">转自:<span id="forumlist" style="CURSOR: hand" unselectable="true" state="false"><a href="http://msn.bbs.ynet.com/index.php">北青网-青年论坛</a><script type="text/javascript"></script> </span><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><br />&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></b><p /><p></p><p /></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></p><p>&amp;nbsp;</p></span>小时候看《西游记》，感觉妖怪是最笨的，哪里需要孙猴子去打，自己就笨死了，明明唐僧落到手中，却总是不忙吃，结果总是被神仙们</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">连窝铲除</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，连山贼这个很有前途的职业都做不成。要我是妖怪，先把唐僧吃了，吃一口就长生不老，全吃了还不功力暴增，金刚不坏呀，那时候再去跟孙猴子和各路神仙<span lang="EN-US">PK</span>，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">其奈我何</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">？<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>经历的事情多了，才知道问题不那么简单。《西游记》虽然讲的是神仙妖魔世界，本质上仍然是一个政治故事。既然是政治，决定能否吃掉对方的，自然不是嘴，而是权力。从政治角度来说，唐僧根本就不是一种适于食用的生物，为什么呢？因为在政治生态圈中，妖怪们看似强大，却处于食物链的低端，而唐僧反之，看似文弱，却处于食物链的高端。<span lang="EN-US">“</span>吃唐僧一口肉可长生不老<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，原本就是一句政治谣言。这样说，大家会越看越乱，还是让我们从孙猴子大闹天宫说起。<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; </span>孙悟空的造反，根本上说是源于天庭</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">人才选拔、晋升与使用制度的缺位</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，并非象某些站在老板角度写的书所言，什么猴子心火太旺，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自视太高</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，不懂适应社会等等。如果说猴子有什么不懂的地方，就是他不懂政治，不懂得体现自身的先进性，故而在生存斗争中</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">无战不胜</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，而在政治斗争中则始终无法证明自己执政的合法性。<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span>　<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>孙猴子出国求学归来，虽然作为一方黑社会老大，以强索金箍棒，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">强销死籍</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">等等行动，树立了经典恐怖主义权威形象，但毕竟是在政治生态链低端竞争而已。在强销死籍，彻底解决生存等问题之后，根据</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">马斯洛</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的需求层次论，他需要自我成就，但他这种仙，只配叫<span lang="EN-US">“</span>妖仙<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，天庭当局是不承认的，他的自我成就感是无法得到满足的。象猴子这样的妖仙或妖怪，《西游记》中</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">比比皆是</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，散落在这个星球的各个角落，他们都面临着孙猴子一样的自我实现困境。天庭既然拒不提拔这种</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">草根阶层人才</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，可以想象，只要妖仙们想自我实现，就只能造反，或者</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">招安</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，没有第三路可走，因此，没有孙悟空造反，也会有别的妖仙起事，这跟《水浒》中好汉的下场没有区别。值得一提的是六耳弥猴，它看到了孙悟空当年激进手段的失败，于是启用最高级的病毒程序，成功地把自己复制为孙悟空，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">要死要活</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">地混入西天取经的革命队伍，企图采用和平演变手法，达到晋升的目的。孙悟空或许会奇怪，取经有什么好，干嘛那么辛苦来伪装自己。说白了，草根阶层只要有能力有愿望，谁不想</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">出人头地</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，由被统治者成为统治者呢？<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>对于猴子这样的</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">草根豪杰</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，玉帝第一反应是<span lang="EN-US">“</span>哪路神将下界收伏？<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，也就是说，在玉帝的脑海里，根本没有危机感，他并不认为需要扩大统治基础，当然更谈不上对人才进行什么识别和选拔。反之，太白金星是个人物，他建议道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">臣启陛下</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，可念生化之慈恩，降</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一道招安圣旨</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，把他宣来上界，授他一个大小官职，与他</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">籍名在箓，拘束此间</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，若受天命，后再升赏；若违天命，就此擒拿。一则不</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">动众劳师</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，二则</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">收仙有道</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">也。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>这个建议极具深远的政治意义，一是革新人才体制，化解民间积怨，二是扩大统治阶级基础，问题在于玉帝是个</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">见子打子</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的主儿，根本不懂得改革要配套进行，其后对孙悟空的使用不当，导致了大闹天宫。更导致了如来不得不</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">另起炉灶</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，通过<span lang="EN-US">“</span>唐僧取经<span lang="EN-US">”</span>重建政治生态圈的大谋略。<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>《西游记》第四回这样描写猴子对天庭来使的反应：金星领了旨，出南天门外，按下</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">祥云</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，直至花果山水帘洞。对众小猴道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>我</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">乃</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">天差天使，有圣旨在此，请你大王上界，快快报知！<span lang="EN-US">”</span>洞外小猴，一层层传至洞天深处，道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>大王，外面有一老人，背着一角文书，言是上天差来的天使，有圣旨请你也。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>美猴王听得大喜，道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>我这两日，正思量要上天走走，却就有天使来请。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>叫：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>快请进来！<span lang="EN-US">”</span>猴王</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">急整衣冠</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，门外迎接。由此可见，孙悟空哪里想造反，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">只不过</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是想出人头地自我实现</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">耳</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。如果玉帝能多动动脑袋，对猴子使用得当，就不会有那么多破事发生了。但玉帝没念过<span lang="EN-US">MBA</span>，实在不懂管理，对猴子的使用和管理上</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">步步失当</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。猴子也没地方</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">跳槽</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，自然要造反了。<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>第一次人事任命，由于天庭</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">人浮于事</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，各宫各殿，各方各处，都不少官，只是御马监缺个正堂管事，玉帝随口就让猴子做个<span lang="EN-US">“</span>弼马温<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，在人事安排上何等随意，完全不考虑适才适用原则，也谈不上什么对人才的重视与重用，难怪猴子知道真相后</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大为不满</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。孙猴子在这活计上干得不懒，宇宙一流水准，从这点说，他是个好员工，却活在一个不好的体制中。<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>第二次人事任命，猴子反下天庭，自立为<span lang="EN-US">“</span>齐天大圣<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，齐天者，意思就是并不造反，只是要求自我成就感而已。玉帝闻言，惊讶道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>这妖猴何敢这般</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">狂妄</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">！着众将即刻</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">诛之</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>太白金星又建议加他个空衔，名是齐天大圣，只不与他事管，不与他俸禄，且养在天壤之间，收他的邪心，使不生狂妄，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">庶乾坤安靖，海宇得清宁</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">也。这一次，太白金星出的其实是</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">馊主意</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">了，如果每个妖仙或妖怪都学孙猴子这样要官，而且都能</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">如愿以偿</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，那</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">爵位</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">还有什么尊荣可言？天庭整个体制又何以正常运转？玉帝大概是苦修几亿年把脑子锈掉了，居然<span lang="EN-US">“</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">依卿所奏</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。到底玉帝是凭什么在进行管理，真是天才知道。正因为玉帝在孙悟空的挑战面前轻易让步，让猴子觉得一闹就有甜果果吃，才会有后来大闹天宫，直接要求做皇帝。<span lang="EN-US"> <br /><br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>第三次人事任命就更奇怪了。多管闲事的许旌阳真人</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">启奏</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>今有齐天大圣，无事闲游，结交天上众星宿，不论高低，俱称朋友。恐后闲中生事，不若与他一件事管，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">庶免别生事端</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>玉帝闻言，即时宣诏。那猴王欣</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">欣然而至</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>陛下，诏老孙有何升赏？<span lang="EN-US">”</span>玉帝道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>朕见你身闲无事，与你件执事。你且权管那蟠桃园，早晚好生在意。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>大圣欢喜谢恩，朝上</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">唱喏而退</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。他等不得穷忙，即入蟠桃园内</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">查勘</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。大家应该明白，这完全是玉帝无事找事，自找麻烦。把猴子收上天的本意，就是让他不闹事，目的已经达到了，怎么又想起让他做事呢？做别的也就罢了，偏偏让他去管蟠桃园，猴子爱吃桃，三岁小孩都知道，玉帝居然不知道。难道玉帝是有意锻炼猴子的职业操守，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以备大用</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">？看不出来，反而有种</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">陷人以罪</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，免得</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">诛之无名</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的味道。有些人说孙悟空不是好员工，理由就有他</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">监守自盗</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">偷吃蟠桃，我不这样认为，玉帝的这个任命，是违反<span lang="EN-US">“</span>猴性<span lang="EN-US">”</span>的，就象一些企业的规度违反人性一样，不能怪员工不遵守，只能说老板脑子坏掉了。<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>其后发生的一连串事件，起因皆在王母蟠桃嘉会没有请齐天大圣，严重损伤猴子自尊心。直到此时，猴子仍没有想到造反，他在丹满酒醒之后道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>不好！不好！这场祸，比天还大；若惊动玉帝，性命难存。走！走！走！不如下界为王去也！<span lang="EN-US">”</span>所以说，孙悟空的大闹天宫夺权行动，纯粹是由于生存受到威胁，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一不做二不休</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，把生存斗争提高到政治斗争，可惜猴子</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">道行</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不够，鬼王将军也不是梁山军师，无法证明自己夺权的合法性，因而既无法建立广泛群众基础，也无法得到如来的认同，造反失败也就不可避免了。 <span lang="EN-US"><br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>玉帝能当上天庭最高行政长官，用如来的话讲：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>他自幼修持，苦历过一千七百五十劫。每劫该十二万九千六百年。你算，他该多少年数，方能享受此</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">无极大道</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">？<span lang="EN-US">”</span>似乎是说，玉帝没有别的本事，就是挂机在线修炼时间足够长。不懂政治的猴子眼里，玉帝不过是</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">多年媳妇熬成婆</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，自然不服气，但从《西游记》中潜伏的小线索来看，玉帝应该是在无限长期的政治修炼中，逐渐成为一个各方各派都可以接受的荣誉长官。且看天蓬元帅醉酒戏嫦娥被打了二千锤再</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">贬下凡尘</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，卷帘大将失手打碎了玻璃盏，被打八百，贬下界来，又教七日一次，将飞剑来穿胸胁百余下，处罚何等严酷，而奎木狼与披香殿玉女私通，玉帝只收了他金牌，贬他去兜率宫与太上老君烧火，带俸差操，有功复职，无功重加其罪，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">处罚又何之轻</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。说白了，天蓬元帅也好，卷帘大将也好，都没有什么靠山，不如奎木狼仍二十八星宿之一，有团队做后盾。玉帝对猴子、八戒、沙僧这种没有后山的动物，是从不来不会手软的，而对有后台的动物，哪怕是个神仙跨下坐骑，也从来高举轻打。<span lang="EN-US"> <br /><br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>天庭政治结构，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">貌似</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二元对等，行政事务管理由玉帝负责，另有一个平行的宗教事务管理层，由如来总负责，表面上互不相关，其实不然，如来时刻在关注和指导行政事务，当然都是大方向大原则的问题，比如平息孙猴子动乱这样的大事，危急时刻还得如来这样的老同志亲自出手。因此，可以认为，如来的政治地位比玉帝高一个等级，天上地下他最大。也就是说，生物链的顶端，是如来，他可以决定一切。<span lang="EN-US"> <br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>对于玉帝治理下的种种</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">弊端</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，如来并非不知，只要不威胁到政权，只是不管罢了，但事情竟然发展到孙悟空造反，直接危及政权稳定，如来不能不对整个治理结构重新思考。经过深思，他下定决心，必须选拔新一代领导人，并重新梳理各方力量，该灭的灭，该升的升，扩大统治基础，使之能代表更多的阶层，把政权危机</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">消弭于无形。<span lang="EN-US"> <br /></span></span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">君不密失其国，臣不密失其身</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，如来当然懂这个道理。因此，经过考查，他选定了座下弟子</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">金蝉子</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">作为新的接班人培养，借口他不听讲座，贬下凡去，让他投胎成为未来的唐僧。然后在盂兰盆会上借讲经的机会，言道有三藏真经，可以</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">劝人为善</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，需得东土寻一个善信．教他苦历千山，远经万水，到如来处求取真经，永传东土，劝他众生。这个所谓东土善信，当然就是金蝉子。当时观音菩萨就</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自告奋勇</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>弟子不才，愿上东土寻一个取经人来也。<span lang="EN-US">“ </span>如来见了，心中大喜，道：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>别个是也去不得，须是观音尊者、神</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">通广大</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">方</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">可去得。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>菩萨道；<span lang="EN-US">“</span>弟子此去东土，有甚言语吩咐？<span lang="EN-US">”</span>如来道；<span lang="EN-US">“</span>这一去。要踏看路道，不许在霄汉中行，须是要半云半雾；目过山水，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">谨记</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">程途远近之数，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">叮咛</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">那取经人。<span lang="EN-US">”<br />&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>为什么观音自告奋勇呢？因为她也是这个接班人计划的制定者和实施者之一，亲自送金蝉子投胎的人是谁？观音大士也。她去东土寻那个取经人，自然</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">万无一失</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。为什么如来心中大喜，还特意嘱咐观音此去要踏看道路呢？因为观音神通广大，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">足智多谋</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，深通佛意，足以完成选拔新一代领导人和重新梳理各方力量这两个目标。也就是说，唐僧的取经也好，孙悟空等三人做徒弟也好，都是如来和观音一手安排，同时，八十一难也早就安排妥当。<span lang="EN-US"> <br /><br /></span>唐僧，即金蝉子，作为新一代接班人，有什么条件呢？换句话说，孙悟空为什么就不能成为接班人呢？说白了就是出身问题，孙悟空不过一个猴子，</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">无根无基</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，修行不过三百来年，而唐僧乃金蝉子投胎，此前已经十世修行，转世之后，自幼即在寺庙修行，此所谓</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">根正苗红</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，信念坚定，年资充足，合法性强也。据称唐僧是什么完美型领导者，悟空是力量型员工，什么团队组合等等，那是接近胡说的戏说。领导说你行，你就行，不行也行；领导说你不行，你就不行，行也不行。唐僧就是这样，在猴子的动乱平息后，为了政权的长治久安而被扶上位的。<span lang="EN-US"> <br /><br />&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;</span>唐僧作为天定的取经团队头儿，从第一次被妖怪捉去<span lang="EN-US">“</span>几乎唬死<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，到最后一次被捉去仍然只会</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">战战兢兢</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大喊<span lang="EN-US">“</span>大王饶命<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，不知是该佩服他，还是该</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">鄙视</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">他。按常理，一个人历经多少年的磨难，意志应该磨炼得坚强无比，就算天生是个软蛋，但只要没有得失忆症，他总该记得自己一路上反反复复地被妖怪捉去，又反反复复地被神仙解救，每次都</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">有惊无险</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，也早该有种无所谓的态度了吧。每次看到唐僧被妖怪捉去，我就</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不由自主</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">地想起<personname productid="吴孟达" w:st="on" />吴孟达</personname />先生的名句：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>又升天了！咦？为什么要说又呢？<span lang="EN-US">”</span><personname productid="唐僧" w:st="on" />唐僧</personname />先生一次又一次又一次被妖怪拿住又一次又一次又一次得救之后，面对下一个妖怪伸过来的魔爪，他应该是一把抓住紧紧地握手，好象地下党员见到组织，应该很热烈地说：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>又来了！咦，我为什么要说又呢？麻烦你烧点水，我洗个澡先！<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，他</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蛮</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">可以</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">谈笑风生</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">地与妖怪们商量唐僧有几种吃法，反正性命</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">铁定无忧</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，何必每次都要装出</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; BACKGROUND: yellow; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">窝囊废</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: aqua; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-highl